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HomeMy WebLinkAboutRES 2004-47RESOLUTION 2004--17 RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF DIAMOND BAR ADOPTING THE CITYWIDE SPEED ZONE SURVEY Recitals (i) California Vehicles Code Section 40803 (b) provides, in pertinent part, as follows: "in any prosecution under this Code of a charge involving the speed of a vehicle, where enforcement involves the use of radar or other electronic devices which measure the speed of moving objects, the prosecution shall establish, as part of its prima-facie case, that the evidence or testimony presented is not based upon a speed trap as defined in paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of Section 40802." The City of Diamond Bar desires to continue to use radar and other electronic devices to measure the speed of moving objects in order to protect the lives and property of motorists utilizing City streets and to improve the enforcement of speed limits within the City of Diamond Bar. (iii) The City's Traffic Engineering Consultant has conducted a current speed zone study establishing and justifying prima-facie speed limits on certain City streets within the City of Diamond Bar. (iv) The current Speed Zone Study prepared by the City's Traffic Engineering Consultant, dated August 3, 2004, is attached hereto as Exhibit "A" and incorporated by this reference as though fully set forth herein. 1 2004-•47 Resolution NOW THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF DIAMOND BAR DOES HEREBY FIND, DETERMINE AND RESOLVE AS FOLLOWS: 1. In all respects as set forth in the Recitals, Part A, of this resolution; 2. The Speed Zone Study submitted by the City's Traffic Engineering Consultant dated August 3, 2004, and attached hereto as Exhibit "A" is hereby adopted and approved, in its entirety, as the official Speed Zone Study for the City of Diamond Bar. The City Clerk shall certify to the adoption of this Resolution. PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 3rd day of August, 2004. ATTEST:/ Linda C. Lowry, City Clerk Bobit es, Mayor 2 2004-47 I, LINDA C. LOWRY, City Clerk of the City of Diamond Bar, do hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution was passed, approved and adopted at a regular meeting of the City Council of the City of Diamond Bar held on the 3rd day of August, 2004, by the following vote; AYES: COUNCIL MEMBERS: Chang, Huff, o' Connor, MPT/Herrera, M/Zirbes NOES: COUNCIL MEMBERS: None ABSENT: COUNCIL MEMBERS: None ABSTAINED: COUNCIL MEMBERS: None LI DA C. LOWRY, City C e City of Diamond Bar 200447 CITY OF DIAMOND BAR SPEED ZONE STUDY Adopted by Diamond Bar City Council Resolution No. 2004-47 Date:August 3 , 2004 I, Warren C. Siecke, am a Registered Traffic Engineer, Number 823, in the State of California. I certify that this Traffic and Engineering Study, prepared for the City of San Dimas, has been conducted in compliance with guidelines contained in the California Vehicle Code and the California Department of Transportation Traffic Manual. Data presented in the report represents a true and accurate description of traffic conditions existing on San Dimas city streets. Warren C. Siecke, P.E Consultant Traffic Engineer R.T. E.823 TABLE OF CONTENTS ITEM PAGE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY i EXISTING AND PROPOSED SPEED LIMITS ii DEFINITIONS iv REGULATIONS GOVERNING SPEED LIMITS 1 APPLICABLE VEHICLE CODE SECTIONS 1 STUDY METHOD 10 TRAFFIC DATA SUMMARY 11 ANALYSIS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 19 REFERENCES 26 APPENDIX A - CITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION A-1 APPENDIX B - ENGINEERING AND TRAFFIC SURVEY FORMS B-1 TABLES 1. AVERAGE MIDBLOCK ACCIDENT RATES 10 2, TRAFFIC DATA SUMMARY. 11 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report presents the results of a traffic and engineering study for establishment of speed limits on city streets as required by Sections 22357 and 22358 of the California Vehicle Code. The review included radar surveys of prevailing vehicle speeds at various locations along the length of each street, recent traffic counts and an analysis of reported traffic accidents recorded during the two-year period from January 1, 2001 through December 3.1, 2002. California Vehicle Code Section 40801 prohibits the use of speed traps. Originally, Section 40802 of the California Vehicle Code (CVC).defined a speed trap as a speed limit enforced by radar and which speed limit is not justified by an engineering and traffic survey conducted within five years prior to the date of the alleged violation. However, the CVC was amended effective January 1, 1999 to allow engineering and traffic surveys to be conducted less frequently. It allows the frequency to extend to ten years when certain conditions as defined in the Code are met. The Director of Public Works certified that the extension to ten years was applicable to the 1994 survey. Due to the prohibition of speed traps, the lack of an adequate study effectively precludes the Sheriff from using radar enforcement. Through adoption of this study, the Sheriffs Department will be able to enforce posted speed limits with radar equipment. The results of the study are summarized on the following page, showing the existing and proposed speed limits. EXISTING AND PROPOSED SPEED LIMITS STREET LIMITS EXISTING SPEED LIMIT PROPOSED SPEED LIMIT Avenida Rancheros/ Temple Av. Diamond Bar BI. to Northeast City Limits 45 45 NC Brea Canyon Rd North City Limits to Washington St. 50 45 D Brea Canyon Rd. Washington St. to Lycoming St. 45 45 NC Brea Canyon Rd. Lycoming St. to Golden Springs Dr. 45 40 D Brea Canyon Rd. Golden Springs Dr. to Pathfinder Rd. 45 45 NC Brea Canyon Rd. Pathfinder Rd. to Fountain Springs Dr. 45 40 D Brea Canyon Rd. Fountain Springs Dr. to Diamond Bar Bl. 45 45 NC Brea Canyon Rd. Diamond Bar BI. to Copper Canyon Dr. 50 45 D Brea Canyon Rd. Copeer Canyon Dr. to South City Limits 50 50 NC Brea Canyon Cut -Off West City Limits to Brea Canyon Rd. 40 40 NC Chino Ave. Chino Hills Pkwy to East City Limits 50 50 NC Chino Hills Pk n. North City Limits to South City Limits 50 50 NC Copley Dr. Golden Springs Dr. to Bridge Gate Dr. 40 35 D Diamond Bar BI. Brea Canyon Rd. to Goldrush Dr. 45 45 NC Diamond Bar BI. Goldrush Dr. to Highland Valley Rd. 40 40 NC Diamond Bar BI. Hi hland Valley Rd. to Temple Ave. 50 50 NC Gateway Center Dr. Bridge Gate Dr. to Golden S rin s Dr. 40 35 D Golden Springs Dr. West City Limits to Lemon Av. 50 1 50 NC Golden Springs Dr. Leman Av. to 900' west of Gana Ct.. 50 40 D Golden Springs Dr. 900` west of Gona Ct. to 1300' east of Adel Ave. 40 40 INC Golden Springs Dr. 1300' east of Adel Ave. to Sabana Dr. 45 45 NC Golden Springs Dr. Sabana Dr. to Platina Dr. 40 40 NC Golden Springs Dr. Platina Dr. to E Avenida Rancheros/ Temple Av. 45 45 NC Grand Ave. West City Limits to Summitrid a Dr. 45 45 NC Grand Ave. Summitrid a Dr. to East City Limits 45 501 Lemon Ave. North City Limits. to Golden Springs Dr. 45 40D Lycorning St. Lemon Ave. to Brea Canyon Rd. 35 35 NC Montefino Av. Grand Av. to Diamond Bar Bl. 25 25 NC Pathfinder Rd. West City Limits to Brea Can on Rd. -North 45 45 NC Pathfinder Rd. Brea Canyon Rd. -North to Brea Canyon Rd.-South)Fern Hollow Dr_ 40 40 NC Pathfinder Rd. Brea Canyon Rd.-South/Fern Hollow Dr. to Diamond Bar BI. 45 45 NC Sunset Crossing_Rd_ West City Limits to Diamond Bar Bl. 40 35 D Sunset Crossing Rd. Diamond Bar BI, to s Dr. 30 25 D Temple Av. Diamond Bar BI. to Golden Springs Dr. 45 45 NC Walnut Dr. West City Limits to Lemon Ave. 40 40 NC Washington St. I Brea Canyon Rd. to Northeast City Limits 40 40 NC ABBREVIATIONS: NC = No Change, l = Increase, D = Decrease, NP = Not Posted City of Diamond Bar H i gh k and 0\_1 Tem/ Valley 4 e Road-__ 50 ��e Avenida 45 PROPOSED SPEED LIMITS �10 Rancheros o� Del Sol o� Road 45 Lane 2004 '' "s 40 \�9 25 LiSunset Gto55 0 35 �,t\a Freewa ,ro Y 45 J 'O cc� - Platina SCALE: NONE 40 40 Drive Qt S t� v lndustr� �y,' 40 cr ' ~c� 40 ok 0k 45 ,�� SabanarivGold Rush 40 ` Drive Washington 45 40 45 Street 45 amc Walnut m o� a Dr. �' 35� `ee,Aoy G C o ng Stree 40 F 40 Street a qs J Pomona Dr 45 45 40 40 QLO�U Summitridge , SP 35 �-Copley e Drive p >, Drive 25 35 Montefino 45 / 50 Avenue 45 `a@ 4 5 6 ca vo Gateway t � Center Drive ®Bridge �° oY Gate DriveQD a /m cr) 45 f/ a cr- \ 0 u \ lH G o0< 45 40 ood cl, cr ewa1 c T 0 45 Fie 1 Qo m `� I P City 01 a L 40 r W � o � Y �-� Founta in Springs , 50 OG Brea 45 ca Road J 1 Canyon Cutoff50 %` r ocA ate,' o ` y 'o V 40 Ot ` oG "r � 45 �\ 50 � 45 -Copper 50 Canyon Drive DEFINITIONS Average Daily Traffic (ADT): Volume of traffic expressed in thousands during a 24-hour period. Critical Speed, Eighty-fifth (85th) Percentile Speed: The speed which 85 percent of the observed vehicles are not exceeding. E.C.L.: East City Limit. Intermediate Speed Limits: Speed limits set at 5 -MPH increments between 25 MPH and 65 MPH. MPH: Miles Per Hour MVM: Million Vehicle Miles. Accident rates are generally expressed as the number of accidents occurring per million vehicle miles, traveled during a given time period. N.C.L.: North City Limit Pace: The 10 -MPH range of observed vehicle speeds containing the largest number of vehicles. Prima Facie Limits: "Blanket' speed limits considered reasonable and prudent for certain general conditions unless refuted and proven inadequate for a particular condition. S.C.L.: South City Limit W.C.L.: West City Limit. iv INTRODUCTION It is a common belief that posting of speed limit traffic signs will influence drivers to drive at that speed. The facts indicate otherwise. Driver behavior research conducted in many parts of this country, over a span of several decades, shows that the average driver is influenced by the appearance of the highway itself and the prevailing traffic conditions, in choosing the speed at which he or she drives. Recognizing this, the California Vehicle Code requires that speed limits be established in accordance with appropriate engineering practice and methods. REGULATIONS GOVERNING SPEED LIMITS Under California law, the maximum speed limit for any passenger vehicle is 65 miles per hour (mph). All other speed limits are called prima facie limits, which "on the face of it", are safe and prudent under normal conditions. Certain prima facie limits are established by law and include the 25 miles per hour limit in business and residential districts; the 15 miles per hour limit in alleys, at blind intersections and blind railroad grade crossings; and a part-time 25 miles per hour in school zones when children are going to and from school. Intermediate speed limits between 25 and 65 miles per hour may be established by local authorities on the basis of traffic engineering surveys. Such surveys include the analysis of roadway conditions, accident records, and the prevailing speed of prudent drivers using the highway under study. If speed limits are established below what the majority of drivers consider reasonable, they are often not obeyed and consequently, are difficult to enforce. Those drivers who do not comply with posted reasonable speed limits are, conversely, subject to equitable enforcement action. The Vehicle Code provides that the use of radar to enforce speed limits which have not been based on a traffic and engineering study within the preceding seven years constitutes a "speed trap". Since speed traps are also prohibited by the code, lack of the required study effectively prohibits local agencies from using radar enforcement. APPLICABLE VEHICLE CODE SECTIONS Business District -Section 235 A "business district' is that portion of a highway and the property contiguous thereto (a) upon one side of which highway, for a distance of 600 feet, 50 percent or more of the contiguous property fronting thereon is occupied by buildings in use for business, or (b) upon both sides of which highway, collectively, for a distance of 300 feet, 50 percent or more of the contiguous property fronting thereon is so occupied. A business district may be longer than the distances specified in this section if the above ratio of buildings in use for business to the length of the highway exists. Business and Residence District: Determination - Section 240 In determining whether a highway is within a business or residence district, the following limitations shall apply and shall qualify the definitions in Sections 235 and 515: (a) No building shall be regarded unless its entrance faces the highway and the front of the building is within 75 feet of the roadway. (b) Where a highway is physically divided into two or more roadways only those buildings facing each roadway separately shall be regarded for the purpose of determining whether the roadway is within a district. (c) All churches, apartments, hotels, multiple dwelling houses, clubs, and public buildings, other than schools, shall be deemed to be business structures. (d) A highway or portion of a highway shall not be deemed to be within a district regardless of the number of buildings upon the contiguous property if there is no right of access to the highway by vehicles from the contiguous property. In determining whether a- highway is within a business or residence district, the following limitations shall apply and shall qualify the definitions in Section 235 and 515: Residence District - Section 515 A "residence district" is that portion of a highway and the property contiguous thereto, other than a business district where, (a) upon one side of which highway, within a distance of a quarter of a mile, the contiguous property fronting thereon is occupied by 13 or more separate dwelling houses or business structures, or (b) upon both sides of which highway, collectively, within a distance of a quarter of a mile, the contiguous property fronting thereon is occupied by 16 or more separate dwelling houses or business structures. A residence district may be longer than one quarter of a mile if the above ratio of separate dwelling houses or business structures to the length of the highway exists. Encilineerinq and Traffic Survey - Section 627 (a) "Engineering and traffic survey," as used in this code, means a survey of highway and traffic conditions in accordance with methods determined by the Department of Transportation for use by state and local authorities. (b) An engineering and traffic survey shall include, among other requirements deemed necessary by the department, consideration of all of the following: (1) Prevailing speeds as determined by traffic engineering measurements. (2) Accident records. (3) Highway, traffic, and roadside conditions not readily apparent to the driver. 2 (c) When conducting an engineering and traffic survey, local authorities, in addition to the factors set forth in paragraphs (1) to (3), inclusive, of subdivision (b) may consider all of the following: (1) Residential density, if any of the following conditions exist on the particular portion of highway and the property contiguous thereto, other than a business district: (A) Upon one side of the highway, within a distance of a quarter of a mile, the contiguous property fronting thereon is occupied by 13 or more separate .dwelling houses or business structures. (B) Upon both sides of the highway, collectively, within a distance of a quarter of a mile, the contiguous property fronting thereon is occupied by 16 or more separate dwelling houses or business structures. (C) The portion of highway. is longer than one-quarter of a mile but has the ratio of separate dwelling. houses or business structures to the length of the highway described in either subparagraph (A) or (B). (2) Pedestrian and bicyclist safety_ Maximum Speed Limit -Section 22349 (a) Except as provided in Section 22356, no person may drive a vehicle upon a highway at a speed greater than 65 miles per hour. (b) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person may drive a vehicle upon a two-lane, undivided highway at a speed greater than 55 miles per hour unless that highway, or portion thereof, has been posted for a higher speed by the Department of Transportation or appropriate local agency upon the basis of an engineering and traffic survey. For purposes of this subdivision, the following apply: (1) A two-lane, undivided highway is a highway with. not more than one through lane of travel in each direction. (2) Passing lanes may not be considered when determining the number of through lanes. (c) It is the intent of the Legislature that there be reasonable signing on affected two- lane, undivided highways described in subdivision (b) in continuing the 55 miles -per - hour speed limit, including placing signs at county boundaries to the extent possible, and at other appropriate locations. Basic Speed Law - Section 22350 No person shall drive a vehicle upon a highway at a speed greater than is reasonable or prudent having due regard for weather, visibility, the traffic on, and surface and width of, the highway, and in no event at a speed which endangers the safety of persons or property. 3 Speed Law Violations - Section 22351 (a) The speed of any vehicle upon a highway not in excess of the limits specked in Section 22352 or established as authorized in this code is lawful unless clearly proved to be in violation of the basic speed law. (b) The speed of any vehicle upon a highway in excess of the prima facie speed limits in Section 22352 or established as authorized in this code is prima facie unlawful unless the defendant establishes by competent evidence that the speed in excess of said limits did not constitute a violation of the basic speed law at the time, place and under the conditions then existing. Prima Facie Speed Limits - Section 22352 The prima facie limits are as follows and shall be applicable unless changed as authorized in this code and, if so changed, only when signs have been erected giving notice thereof: (1) Fifteen miles per hour: (A) When traversing a railway grade crossing, if during the last 100 feet of the approach to the crossing the driver does not have a clear and unobstructed view of the crossing and of any traffic on the railway for a distance of 400 feet in both directions along the railway. This subdivision does not apply in the case of any railway grade crossing where a human flagman is on duty or a clearly visible electrical or mechanical railway crossing signal device is installed but does not then indicate the immediate approach of a railway train or car. (B) When traversing any intersection of highways if during the last 100 feet of the drivers approach to the intersection the driver does not have a clear and unobstructed view of the intersection and of any traffic upon all of the highways entering the intersection for a distance of 100 feet along all those highways, except at an intersection protected by stop signs or yield right-of-way signs or controlled by official traffic control signals. (C) On any alley. (2) Twenty-five miles per hour: (A) On any highway other than a state highway, in any business or residence district unless a different speed is determined by local authority under procedures set forth in this code. (B) When approaching or passing a school building or the grounds thereof, contiguous to a highway and posted with a standard "SCHOOL" warning sign, while children are going to or leaving the school either during school hours or during the noon recess period. The prima facie limit shall also apply when approaching or passing any school grounds which are not separated from the highway by a fence, gate or other physical barrier while the grounds are in use by children and the highway is posted with a standard "SCHOOL" warning sign. For purposes of this subparagraph, standard "SCHOOL" warning signs may be placed at any distance up to 500 feet away from school grounds. (C) When passing a senior center or other facility primarily used by senior citizens, contiguous to a street other than a state highway and posted with a standard "SENIOR" warning sign. A local authority is not required to erect any sign pursuant to this paragraph until donations from private sources covering those costs are received and the local agency makes a determination that the proposed signing should be implemented. A local authority may, however, utilize any other funds available to it to pay for the erection of those signs. (3) Thirty-five miles per hour on any highway, other than a state highway, in any moderate density residential district, as defined in subdivision (b) of Section 22352.1, when posted with a sign giving notice of that speed limit, unless a different speed is determined by local authority under procedures set forth in this code. (b) This section shall remain in effect only until March 1, 2001, and as of that date is repealed, unless a later enacted statute, that is enacted on or before March 1, 2001, deletes or extends that date. NOTE: The preceding section is repealed March 1, 2001, at which time the following section becomes operative. 22352. (a) The prima facie limits are as follows and shall be applicable unless changed as authorized in this code and, if so changed, only when signs have been erected giving notice thereof: (1) Fifteen miles per hour: (A) When traversing a railway grade crossing, if during the last 100 feet of the approach to the crossing the driver does not have a clear and unobstructed view of the crossing and of any traffic on the railway for a distance of 400 feet in both directions along the railway. This subdivision does not apply in the case of any railway grade crossing where a human flagman is on duty or a clearly visible electrical or mechanical railway crossing signal device is installed but does not then indicate the immediate approach of a railway train or car. (B) When traversing any intersection of highways if during the last 100 feet of the driver's approach to the intersection the driver does not have a clear and unobstructed view of the intersection and of any traffic upon all of the highways entering the intersection for a distance of 100 feet along all those highways, except at an intersection protected by stop signs or yield right-of-way signs or controlled by official traffic control signals. (C) On any alley. (2) Twenty-five miles per hour: 5 (A) On any highway other than a state highway, in any business or residence district unless a different speed is determined by local authority under procedures set forth in this code. (B) When approaching or passing a school building or the grounds thereof, contiguous to a highway and posted with a standard "SCHOOL" warning sign, while children are going to or leaving the school either during school hours or during the noon recess period. The prima facie limit- shall also apply when approaching or passing any school grounds which are not separated from the highway by a fence, gate, or other physical barrier while the grounds are in use by children and the highway is posted with a standard "SCHOOL" warning sign. For purposes of this subparagraph, standard "SCHOOL" warning signs may be placed at any distance up to 500 feet away from school grounds. (C) When passing a senior center or other facility primarily used by senior citizens, contiguous to a street other than a state highway and posted with a standard "SENIOR" warning sign. A -local authority is not required to erect any sign pursuant to this paragraph until donations from private sources covering those costs are received and the local agency makes a determination that the proposed signing should be implemented. A local authority may, however, utilize any other funds available to it to pay for the erection of those signs. (b) This section shall become operative on March 1, 2001. Increase of Local Limits - Section 22357 (a) Whenever a local authority determines upon the basis of an engineering and traffic survey that a speed greater than 25 miles per hour would facilitate the orderly movement of vehicular traffic and would be reasonable and safe upon any street other than a state highway otherwise subject to a prima facie limit of 25 miles per hour, the local authority may by ordinance determine and declare a prima facie speed limit of 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, or 60 miles per hour or a maximum speed limit of 65 miles per hour, whichever is found most appropriate to facilitate the orderly movement of traffic and is reasonable and safe. The declared prima facie or maximum speed limit shall be effective when appropriate signs giving notice thereof are erected upon the street and shall not thereafter be revised except upon the basis of an engineering and traffic survey. This section does not apply to any 25 -mile -per -hour prima facie limit which is applicable when passing a school building or the grounds thereof or when passing a senior center or other facility primarily used by senior citizens. Decrease of Local Limits - Section 22358 (a) Whenever a local authority determines upon the basis of an engineering and traffic survey that the limit of 65 miles per hour is more than is reasonable or safe upon any portion of any street other than a state highway where the limit of 65 miles per hour is applicable, the local authority may by ordinance determine and declare a prima facie speed limit of 60, 55, 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, or 25 miles per hour, whichever is found most appropriate to facilitate the orderly movement of traffic and is reasonable and safe, P which declared prima facie limit shall be effective when appropriate signs giving notice thereof are erected upon the street. Downward Saeed Zoning - Section 22358.5 It is the intent of the Legislature that physical conditions such as width, curvature, grade and surface conditions, or any other condition readily apparent to a driver, in the absence of other factors, would not require special downward speed zoning, as the basic rule of Section 22350 is sufficient regulation as to such conditions. Boundary Line Streets - Section 22359 With respect to boundary line streets and highways where portions thereof are within different jurisdictions, no ordinance adopted under Sections 22357 and 22358 shall be effective as to any such portion until all authorities having jurisdiction of the portions of the street concerned have approved the same. This section shall not apply in the case of boundary line streets consisting of two separate roadways within different jurisdictions. Multiple -Lane Highways - Section 22361 On multiple -lane highways with two or more separate roadways different prima facie speed limits may be established for different roadways under any of the procedures specified in Sections 22354 to 22359, inclusive. Sneed Trap Prohibition - Section 40801 No peace officer or other person shall use a speed trap in arresting, or participating or assisting in the arrest of, any person for any alleged violation of this code nor shall any speed trap be used in securing evidence as to the speed of any vehicle for the purpose of an arrest or prosecution under this code. Speed Trap Section 40802 (a) A "speed trap" is either of the following: (1) A particular section of a highway measured as to distance and with boundaries marked, designated, or otherwise determined in order that the speed of a vehicle may be calculated by securing the time it takes the vehicle to travel the known distance. (2) A particular section of a highway with a prima facie speed limit provided by this code or by local ordinance pursuant to paragraph (A) of paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of Section 22352, or established under Section 22354, 22357, 22358, or 22358.3, if that prima facie speed limit is not justified by an engineering and traffic survey conducted within five years prior to the date of the alleged violation, and enforcement of the speed limit involves the use of radar or any other electronic device that measures the speed of moving objects_ This paragraph does not apply to a local street, road, or school zone. (b) (1) For purposes of this section, local streets and roads shall be defined by the latest functional usage and federal -aid system maps as submitted to the federal- Highway Administration, except that when these maps have not been submitted, or when the street or road is not shown on the maps, a "local street or road" means a street or road primarily provides access to abutting residential property and meets the following three conditions: (A) Roadway width of not more than 40 feet. (B) Not more than one-half mile of uninterrupted length. Interruptions shall include official traffic control signals as defined in Section 445. (C)Not more than- one traffic lane in each direction. (2) For purposes of this section school zone means that area of road contiguous to a school building or the grounds thereof, and on which is posted a standard "SCHOOL" warning sign, while children are going to or leaving the school either during school hours or during the noon recess period. (c) (1) When all of the following criteria are met, paragraph (2) of this subdivision shall be applicable and subdivision (a) shall not be applicable: (A) When radar is used, the arresting officer has successfully completed a radar operator course of not less than 24 hours on the use of police traffic radar, and the course was approved and certified by the Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training. (B) When laser or any other electronic device is used to measure the speed of moving objects, the arresting officer has successfully completed the training required in subparagraph (A) and an additional training course of not less than two hours approved and certified by the Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training_ (C) (i) The prosecution proved that the arresting officer complied with subparagraphs (A) and (B) and that an engineering and traffic survey has been conducted in accordance with subparagraph (B) of paragraph (2). The prosecution proved that, prior to the officer issuing the notice to appear, the arresting officer established that the radar, laser, or other electronic device conformed to the requirements of subparagraph (D). (ii) The prosecution proved the speed of the accused was unsafe for the conditions present at the time of alleged violation unless the citation was for a violation of Section 22349, 22356, or 22406. (D) The radar, laser, or other electronic device used to measure the speed of the accused meets or exceeds the minimal operational standards of the National Traffic Highway Safety Administration, and has been calibrated within the three years prior to N the date of the alleged violation by an independent certified laser or radar repair and testing or calibration facility. (2) A "speed trap" is either of the following: (A) A particular section of a highway measured as to distance and with boundaries marked, designated, or otherwise determined in order that the speed of a vehicle may be calculated by securing the time it takes the vehicle to travel the known distance. (B) (i) A particular section of a highway or state highway with a prima facie speed limit that is provided by this code or by local ordinance under subparagraph (A) of paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of Section 22352, or established under Section 22354, 22357, 22358, or 22358.3, if that prima facie speed limit is not justified by an engineering and traffic survey conducted within one of the following time periods, prior to the date of the alleged violation, and enforcement of the speed limit. involves the use of radar or any other electronic device that measures the speed of moving objects: (1) Except as specified in subclause (11), seven years. (I1) If an engineering and traffic survey was conducted more than seven years prior to the date of the alleged violation, and a registered engineer evaluates the section of the highway and determines that no significant changes in roadway or traffic conditions have occurred, including, but not limited to, changes in adjoining property or land use, roadway width, or traffic volume, 10 years. (ii) This subparagraph does not apply to a local street, road, or school zone. Speed Trap Evidence - Section 40803 (a) No evidence as to the speed of a vehicle upon a highway shall be admitted in any court upon the trial of any person in any prosecution under this code upon a charge involving the speed of a vehicle when the evidence is based upon or obtained from or by the maintenance or use of a speedtrap. (b) In any prosecution under this code of a charge involving the speed of a vehicle, where enforcement involves the use of radar or other electronic devices which measure the speed of moving objects, the prosecution shall establish, as part of its prima facie case, that the evidence or testimony presented is not based upon a speedtrap as defined in paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of Section 40802. (c) When a traffic and engineering survey is required pursuant to paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of Section 40802, evidence that a traffic and engineering survey has been conducted within five years of the date of the alleged violation or evidence that the offense was committed on a local street or road as defined in paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of Section 40802 shall constitute a prima facie case that the evidence or testimony is not based upon a speedtrap as defined in paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of Section 40802. 9 STUDY METHOD Speed zones are established to inform drivers of the safe speed limit and to protect the general public from unreasonable and reckless drivers. Research has shown that most drivers travel at speeds that are safe and reasonable, therefore, speed limits are established primarily on the consensus of the majority of those who use the roads. Speed limits are not based on the actions of a few. The California Vehicle Code requires the limits to be established on the basis of an engineering and traffic survey rather than by arbitrary methods. This study was conducted in accordance with the appropriate sections of the California Vehicle Code and the Caltrans Traffic Manual. Surveys were conducted on arterial streets and selected local streets. Each of the selected streets was analyzed individually. The accident analysis was based on a review of traffic accident records from the State Wide integrated Records System (SWITRS) for years 2001 and 2002. Only non - intersection accidents are included since intersection accidents are considered to be correctable using conventional intersection traffic controls such as stop signs or traffic signals. Accident rates were computed using a formula which takes into account the number of accidents in the two-year period, the length of roadway being studied, and the average daily traffic volume. The rate is expressed in accidents per million vehicle miles (Acc/MVM). The formula is: Acc/MVM = Number of Accidents x 1,000.000_ Distance x ADT x No. of Days In order to evaluate the accident rates for each street segment, the average rate for all surveyed arterial street segments was calculated. Average rates were calculated for two-lane and four -or -more -lane arterial streets, two-lane collector and two-lane local streets-. The accident rates for each segment were compared to the citywide average rates for streets with similar characteristics. The average rates are shown in Table 1. TABLE 1 AVERAGE MIDBLOCK ACCIDENT RATES 2001 - 2002 STREET TYPE AVERAGE ACCIDENT RATE 4 — Lane or more arterial 0.90 accidents per million vehicle miles 2 - Lane arterial 1.17 accidents per million vehicle miles Collector 1.98 accidents per million vehicle miles Local residential 1.97 accidents per million vehicle miles The study data is summarized in Table 2 on the following pages. 10 w; c� mm w w mm z to roto z co mm z co mm z co mm z co mm z co mm z w O 0 Ln u) Ln o g +nQ. a v us con roi qr go 't eQ p .r to o 0 0 ?O 0 o c c t4 J � � c° 0d o O c O w (� V 75 LL U)— w ` J m to to a ._ �; 1a +' o �; td A 0 w W- to O to CD C M C a? co r� .r E (n Q v v � v N h w t~A v LO o cc o Q c-' o w c� o _,a ctz orn c ctm o c W rn to to �+ �.o C C 9+ p> C c C >r rn C C N 5.cn C h m C` 7. m W C >% c L C .— a+•c C C 0. g C t6 O G3 V /toy t J is V C to O V t7 m v V v tW v Ln o N tao�� +W. a ago• ago Ez ��� ��cn �C�v] O macn Q p r O C [V 4 CV r m N V Q , Q Zw �O 2 o a o o 0 o w m r Qw O G O O t7 G r r r a }� O L, co to r o qD Ln O r QQ C6 N C6O ori Q0 N tN+f V Z O00 v O t— tDN CD CD V r t, O OD O rtD CD CD O R O W rO O O LL wi I— Ln w t LL N w M 1n N r -t 'T to 0 r tD IT t9 t7 en 4? 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O Lb Ls 02 O> S> m m [p mN= O O IL aav ammcn amCOLU awi� Ngo Nom �mcn 17 H W J a F- 18 Y Q m w v0- v v �O ❑a w0 w CL WF- a o v v v X w w -F r a o 0 a U �a t7 O O zw w0 oCDW m a, 0 0 0 a F` o Q N flD r ? rnn v�iP ti� w 2R U dy Lli o �rA Nr tdW) I ui CL C14 V) M � lw In o w Wr- oo Q M Cl) 14 OD st U) o W ui F- ^ en qr- rn :� N c 0 E CD o0 0 ��E m J mco H c Co ,c _E M- -f N c V w uj 0 m� a� c o,% 0cn Q U N w H- c/)aEv 0 0 �, v, r m U0�Q[aZ � 18 ANALYSIS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The Caltrans Traffic Manual states that the speed limit should normally be set at the first five -mile increment below the 85th percentile speed. The 85th percentile speed is generally accepted as the safe and reasonable speed that conforms to the actual behavior of the majority of motorists. An additional five -mile per hour decrease is allowed to reflect safety considerations that may not be readily apparent to the driver and is based on engineering judgment. The California Vehicle Code states it is the intent of the legislature that physical conditions such as width, curvature, grade and surface conditions, or any other condition readily apparent to a driver, in the absence of other factors, would not require special downward speed zoning. The basic speed law which requires drivers to operate their vehicles at a speed that is safe for conditions is sufficient regulation as to such conditions. Each of the segments was reviewed to determine if conditions justified setting the speed limit at more than- five miles per hour below the 85th percentile speed. The review was based on consideration of the following factors: 1. Reported accident experience for the years of 2001 and 2002. 2. Roadway design speed. 3. Safe stopping sight distance. 4. Super elevation on curves. 5. Shoulder conditions. 6. Profile conditions. 7. Intersection spacing and offsets. 8. Driveway conditions. 9. Pedestrian traffic in the roadway without sidewalks. 10. Unusual or unique traffic conditions not readily apparent to the driver. The recommended speed limits are consistent with the principle of establishing them at the first five miles per hour increment below the 85th percentile speed excerpt at locations where an additional decrease is iustified in the following discussions. AVENIDA RANCHEROS - DIAMOND BAR BOULEVARD TO NORTHEAST CITY LIMIT No change in the existing 45 miles per hour speed limit is recommended. 19 Critical speeds are in the 45 to 53 miles per hour range and there is no recorded accident history. Avenida Rancheros is a boundary line street shared with the City of Pomona. BREA CANYON ROAD - NORTH CITY LIMIT TO SOUTH CITY LIMIT North City Limit to Washinaton Street It is recommended that the speed limit be reduced from 50 miles per hour to 45 miles per hour because the 85th percentile speeds are 44 and 45 miles per hour in the northbound and southbound directions, respectively. In addition, the accident rate of 1.88 accidents per million vehicle miles is higher than the average of 0.90 for similar streets. Washin ton Street to Lycoming Street No change in the existing 45 miles per hour speed limit is recommended. Lvcomina Street to Golden Sorinas Drive It is recommended that the speed limit be reduced from 45 mites per hour to 40 miles per hour because the 85th percentile speeds are 41 miles per hour in both directions. Golden Springs Drive to Pathfinder Road Although the 85th percentile speeds are 51 to 52 miles per hour, it recommended that the existing 45 miles per hour speed limit be retained because the accident rate between Golden Springs Drive and Via Sorella at 2.42 accidents per million miles is significantly higher than the average rate of 0.90 for similar streets. Pathfinder Road to Fountain Springs Road It is recommended that the speed limit be reduced from 45 miles per hour to 40 miles per hour because the 85th percentile speeds are 37 and 44 miles per hour in the northbound and southbound directions, respectively. In addition, the accident rate of 2.42 accidents per million vehicle miles is higher than the average of 0.90 for similar streets. Further justification for the lower speed limit is the angle parking and the high percentage of high-school age drivers. School zones for Diamond Bar High School at Pathfinder Road and Castle Rock Elementary School between Cold Spring Lane and Cool Springs Drive are identified with standard school signs. RE Fountain Springs Road to Cool Springs Drive The 85�h percentile speeds range from 47 to 50 miles per hour, however, the accident rate between Fountain Springs Road and Cold Springs Lane is 1.52 accidents per million vehicle miles exceeds the average rate of 1.17 for similar streets. Since the roadway features are similar throughout this reach, it is desirable to establish a consistent speed limit. Therefore, it is recommended the existing 45 miles per hour speed limit be retained. Cool Springs Drive to Copper Canyon Drive Between Cool Springs Drive and Diamond Bar Boulevard, the 85th percentile speeds are 44 and 45 miles per hour in the northbound and southbound directions, respectively. Therefore, it is recommended the existing 45 miles per hour speed limit be retained. Between Diamond Bar Boulevard and Copper Canyon Drive, the 85�h percentile speeds are 47 and 49 miles per hour in the northbound and southbound directions, respectively. Based on the speed data and due to the similarity in the road geometrics and roadside development conditions in the segment northerly thereof, it is recommended the speed limit be reduced from 50 miles per hour to 45 miles per hour. Copper Canyon Drive to South City Limit The 851h percentile speeds are 50 and 51 miles per hour in the northbound and southbound directions, respectively. Therefore, it is recommended the existing 50 miles per hour speed limit be retained. BREA CANYON CUT-OFF ROAD - WEST CITY LIMIT TO BREA CANYON ROAD The 851h percentile speeds range from 36 miles per hour to 45 miles per hour, which is consistent with the existing 40 miles per hour speed limit. Therefore, no change in the existing 40 miles per hour speed limit is recommended. CHINO AVENUE - CHINO HILLS PARKWAY TO EAST CITY LIMIT The 85th percentile speeds are 57 and 56 miles per hour in the eastbound and westbound directions, respectively. However, it is recommended the existing 50 miles per hour speed limit be retained in order to maintain continuity with the existing 50 miles per hour speed limit on the adjacent section of roadway in the City of Chino Hills. CHINO HILLS PARKWAY - NORTH CITY LIMIT TO SOUTH CITY LIMIT No change in the existing 50 miles per hour speed limit is recommended. The 85th percentile speeds are in the 39 to 48 miles per hour range. Accident rates are substantially below accident rates expected for similar roadway conditions. 21 Chino Hills Parkway is an improved multi -lane highway traversing totally undeveloped land. The posted 50 miles per hour speed limit is compatible with 50 miles per hour speed limit established by the city of Chino Hills. COPLEY DRIVE - GOLDEN SPRINGS DRIVE TO BRIDGE GATE DRIVE It is recommended the existing 40 miles per hour speed limit be reduced to 35 miles per hour based on 85th percentile speeds of 31 and 30 miles per hour in the northbound and southbound directions, respectively. DIAMOND BAR BOULEVARD - BREA CANYON ROAD TO TEMPLE AVENUE Brea Canvon Road to Goldrush Drive The 85th percentile speeds range from 42 to 53 miles per hour. Roadway and roadside development conditions are similar throughout the entire segment. Accident rates are less than the average for other similar streets except in the segment between Grand Avenue and Tin Drive/Crestview Drive. Since the roadway features are similar throughout this reach it is desirable to establish a consistent speed limit. Therefore, it is recommended the existing 45 miles per hour speed limit be retained. Goldrush Drive to Hi hland Valley Road The 85th percentile speeds range from 37 to 48 miles per hour. Roadway and roadside development conditions are similar throughout the entire segment. Accident rates are higher than the average for other similar streets in the segment between Golden Springs Drive and Highland Valley Road. Therefore, it is recommended the existing 40 miles per hour speed limit be retained. The school zone for Lorbeer Middle School at Golden Springs Drive is identified with standard school signs. Highland Valley Road to Temple Avenue No change in the existing 50 miles per hour speed limit is recommended. GATEWAY CENTER DRIVE — BRIDGE GATE DRIVE TO GOLDEN SPRINGS DRIVE It is recommended the existing 40 miles per hour speed limit be reduced to 35 miles per hour. The 85t" percentile speeds were measured at 28 miles per hour and 26 miles per hour, for northbound and southbound traffic, respectively. In addition, the accident rate at 1.53 accidents per million vehicle miles exceeds the average of 1.17 for similar streets. 22 GOLDEN SPRINGS DRIVE - WEST CITY LIMIT TO AVENIDA RANCHEROS /TEMPLE AVENUE West City Limit to Lemon Avenue The 85th percentile speeds of 53 and 54 miles per hour for eastbound and westbound. traffic, respectively are consistent with the existing 50 miles per hour speed limit. Therefore, no change is recommended Lemon Avenue to 900 feet West of Gona Court The 85th percentile speeds of 43 and 45 miles per hour for eastbound and westbound traffic. The accident rate at 1.64 accidents per million vehicle miles which is higher than the average of 0.90 for similar streets. These factors combine to justify a reduction in the speed limit from 50 miles per hour to 40 miles per hour.. 900 feet West of Gona Court to 1300 feet East of Adel Avenue No change in the existing 40 miles per hour speed limit is recommended. The 851h percentile- speeds range from 41 to 49 miles per hour. Roadway and roadside development conditions are similar throughout the entire segment. Accident rates are higher than the average for other similar streets No change in the existing 40 miles per hour speed limit Js recommended. 1300 feet East of Adel Avenue to Sabana Drive No change in the existing 45 miles per hour speed limit is recommended. Sabana Drive to Platina Drive No change in the existing 40 miles per hour speed limit is recommended. Platina Drive to Avenida Rancheros/Temple Avenue No change in the existing 45 miles per hour speed limit is recommended. 85th percentile speeds are in the 43 to 49 miles per hour range. School zones for Lorbeer Middle School at Diamond Bar Boulevard, Golden Springs Elementary School at Ballena Drive and Diamond Point Elementary School at Sunset Crossing Road are identified with standard school signs. GRAND AVENUE - WEST CITY LIMIT TO EAST CITY LIMIT West City Limit to SummitridQe Drive No change in the existing 45 miles per hour speed limit is recommended. 23 The 85th percentile speeds are in the 42 to 55 miles per hour range. The accident rates in most of the segments exceed the average for similar streets. Therefore, increases in the speed limits cannot be justified. Summitridge Drive to East City Limit The 85th percentile speeds are 53 miles in both directions. The accident rate at 0.86 accidents per million vehicle miles is less than the average of 0.90 for similar streets. LEMON AVENUE - NORTH CITY LIMIT TO GOLDEN SPRINGS DRIVE The 851h percentile speed is 34 miles per hour for both directions of traffic. The accident rate of 0.40 is less than the average rate of 0.90 for similar streets. Therefore, it is recommended the existing 45 miles per hour speed limit be reduced to 40 miles per hour. A school zone for Walnut Elementary School at Lycoming Street is identified with standard school signs. LYCOMING STREET - LEMON AVENUE TO BREA CANYON ROAD No change in the existing 35 miles per hour speed limit is recommended. The Walnut Elementary School zone between Glenwick Avenue and Lemon Avenue is identified with standard school signs. MONTEFINO AVENUE — GRAND AVENUE TO DIAMOND BAR BOULEVARD No change in the existing 25 miles per hour speed limit is recommended. PATHFINDER ROAD - WEST CITY LIMIT TO DIAMOND BAR BOULEVARD West City Limit to Brea Canyon Road North No change in the existing 45 miles per hour speed limit is recommended. Brea Canyon Road North to Brea Canyon Road South/Fem Hollow Drive No change in the existing 40 miles per hour speed limit is recommended. Brea Canyon Road South/Fem Hollow Drive to Diamond Bar Boulevard No change in the existing 45 miles per hour speed limit is recommended. The school zone for Diamond Bar High School at Brea Canyon Road South/Fem Hollow Drive is identified with standard school signs. 24 SUNSET CROSSING ROAD - WEST CITY LIMIT TO GOLDEN SPRINGS DRIVE West City Limit to Diamond Bar Boulevard The 85' percentile speeds are 35 and 37 miles per hour for eastbound and westbound traffic, respectively. Therefore, it is recommended the speed limit be reduced from 40 miles per hour to 35 miles per hour. Diamond Bar Boulevard to Del Sol Lane The 85th percentile speeds are 21 and 20 miles per hour for eastbound and westbound traffic, respectively. Therefore, it is recommended the speed limit be reduced from 30 miles per hour to 25 miles per hour. TEMPLE AVENUE — DIAMOND BAR BOULEVARD TO GOLDEN SPRINGS DRIVE No change in the existing 45 miles per hour speed limit is recommended. Critical speeds are in the 34 to 39 miles per hour range and there is no recorded accident history. Temple Avenue is a boundary line street shared with the City of Pomona. WALNUT DRIVE - WEST CITY LIMIT TO LEMON AVENUE The 851h percentile speeds are 44 and 42 miles per hour in the eastbound and westbound directions, respectively. The recommended safe speed for Walnut Drive is 40 miles per hour. Walnut Drive is established as a 48 foot wide multi -lane arterial roadway providing access to commercial and industrial development along the north side of the Pomona Freeway, S R. 60. A high percentage of the daily traffic is large semi -trucks. These vehicles, frequently parked in the roadway while waiting to enter commerciaIli ndustrial concerns block curb lanes to through traffic, causing motorists to make abrupt and oftentimes high speed lane changes. A 45 miles per hour speed limit is posted on Walnut Drive in the City of Industry where there is less abutting development and where Walnut Drive serves as the Pomona Freeway, S.R. 60, north frontage road. WASHINGTON STREET - BREA CANYON ROAD TO NORTHEAST CITY LIMIT The recommended safe speed for Washington Street is 40 miles per hour. Washington street is constructed to secondary highway standards, extending at this time only to the City of Diamond Bar/City of Industry city limit. Development is non - fronting residential along most of the roadway length. 25 The 85th percentile speeds are 47 and 48 miles per hour for eastbound and westbound traffic, respectively. Due to the mixed land use and the dead-end condition at the easterly terminus, a 40 mites per hour speed limit would be a safe and reasonable speed limit REFERENCES California Vehicle Code Definitions 235 - Business District 240 - Business and Residential District Determination 515 - Residential District 627 - Traffic and Engineering Survey Sections 22349 - Maximum Speed Limit 22350 - Basic Speed Law 22351 -Speed Law Violations 22352 - Prima Facie Speed Limits 22357 - Increase of Local Limits 22358 - Decrease of Local Limits 22358.5 - Downward Speed Zoning 22359 - Boundary Line Streets 22361 - Multiple -Lane Highways 40801- Speed Trap Prohibition 40802 - Speed Traps 40803 - Speed Trap Evidence Caltrans Traffic Manual Traffic Engineering Handbook 26